A Discussion on Trade Unions and whether Management Should...

A union is an organised group of workers whose aim is to protect their members and improve their employment conditions. The Australian Bureau of Statistics found that in August 2012, 20% of full time employees and 14% of part time employees were members of unions. Although this data shows a decrease in union membership over the last decade or so, the unions are still a very important part of the workplace. In Australia, it is illegal for an employer to fire a worker for being a member of a union, and they are unable to prevent workers from joining a union (Trade Unions 2012). In the same respect, management cannot force employees to join unions or treat their staff unfairly for belonging to a union (Fair Work Ombudsman 2013). This essay†¦show more content†¦al 2001). Employers initially resisted unions as they were seen as a ‘tool of worker power’, and some countries even banned the groups all together (Baoill 2011). Although these restraints have been lifted, restrictions and guidelines have been put in place by government bodies to govern union activity; and employees internationally have the right to form unions (Baoill 2011). Being part of a union gives members the benefit of negotiating with their employer collectively, as part of a group; giving them more power than if they were to negotiate as individuals (Silverman, n.d.). Overall, unions demand fairness which can lead to the unions influencing and changing ‘managerial decision-making at the workplace level’ for decisions in which employees are affected (Verma 2005). Unions are also beneficial to have present in the workplace because their bargaining of better condition will often benefit non-members as the conditions negotiated with management are implemented across the organization with no regard to membership status. Management is also able to avoid union disagreement by benchmarking conditions to that of an already unionized workplace. If management were to control union operation within the workplace, unions could be eradicated all together as they pose a threat to management being able to make all decisions affecting the workers using their managerial prerogative. The absence ofShow MoreRelatedUnion Unions And The Workplace1831 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Management should have the right to determine whether a union should operate within their workplace† The recent royal commision on union corruption and other negative media coverage has brought the role that trade unions play in the workplace into questions. A trade union refers to an organisation consisting mostly of employees or workers, the principal activities of which include the negotiation of rates of pay and conditions of employment for its members (awu.net.au,nd). There is one group ofRead MoreGood Faith Bargaining - Essay3422 Words   |  14 PagesGOOD FAITH BARGAINING The objective underlying the Fair Work Act 2009 was to â€Å"get the balance right† (Smart Company, 2010 ; Forsyth, 2005) between fairness and flexibility in Australian workplaces while getting rid of the harsher aspects of Work Choices which preceded it. The Fair Work Act sought to restore collective bargaining in the Australian workplace relations system, including enhanced rights for union involvement and, most importantly, the good faith bargaining requirements. Good faith bargainingRead MoreEmployee Relations3429 Words   |  14 Pagespolicies, management styles, workplace harmonisation, collective bargaining and analysis of trade union with respect to the employees and organisations. Starting with a brief introduction, it continues to talk about the labour unions and its process of reorganisation. It gives various drawbacks and benefits of union reorganisation for the employer. Then it examines the partnership agreement signed between UNISON and Vertex in the year 2000. Then a critique is made based on the theory that whether theRead MoreEmployee Relations3421 Words   |  14 Pagespolicies, management styles, workplace harmonisation, collective bargaining and analysis of trade union with respect to the employees and organisations. Starting with a brief introduction, it continues to talk about the labour unions and its process of reorganisation. It gives various drawbacks and benefits of union reorganisation for the employer. Then it examines the partnership agreement signed between UNISON and Vertex in the year 2000. Then a critique is made based on the theory that whether theRead MoreUnderstanding the Business Environment2190 Words   |  9 Pagesuk/coca-cola-great-britain/working-with-bottling-franchisees-around-the-world/introduction.html#ixzz2Siii4P91   Task 1 – Organisational Purpose (150w) 1.1 Type The Coca-Cola Company has a Separate International Division Structure because its international staff operate separately and in isolation from head office. It has various divisions in all continents around the world with presidents that control each continental division. Coca-Cola has 5 continental divisions. * Eurasia amp; Africa Group * EuropeRead MoreTripartite Relationship5876 Words   |  24 PagesPublic Administration and Management UNISA ABSTRACT T his article contains an overview of the complex network of labour relations dynamics and organizational flow in the new legislative landscape of labour relations. It sketches the hierarchy and protocol of the different protagonists in the labour market and explains the number of principles and influences amidst the myriad of legislative and ad hoc regulatory precepts. It also touches on the impact the general rights of workers and their representativeRead MoreTripartite Relationship5870 Words   |  24 PagesPublic Administration and Management UNISA ABSTRACT T his article contains an overview of the complex network of labour relations dynamics and organizational flow in the new legislative landscape of labour relations. It sketches the hierarchy and protocol of the different protagonists in the labour market and explains the number of principles and influences amidst the myriad of legislative and ad hoc regulatory precepts. It also touches on the impact the general rights of workers and their representativeRead MoreThe Extent to Which Labor Unions Can Influence Human Resrouce Practices in Bahrain18120 Words   |  73 PagesEXTENT TO WHICH LABOR UNIONS CAN INFLUENCE HUMAN RESROUCE PRACTICES IN BAHRAIN BY AFAF ABDUL AZIZ OPEN UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA THE EXTENT TO WHICH LABOR UNIONS CAN INFLUENCE HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES IN BAHRAIN BY AFAF ABDUL AZIZ Project Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Human Resources Open University Malaysia (May 2010) ABSTRACT Labor unions are legal organizations that consists of a group of workers who have banded together toRead MoreGrievance Redressal System8654 Words   |  35 PagesSystem The human behavior differs from person to person. Every employee has certain expectation which he thinks must be fulfilled by the organization he is working in. It is not possible for the management to satisfy the feelings ego of all the employees. It is therefore, but natural that workers have grievances against their supervisor or a whole or against the systems practices, which are followed in the organization. Definition: â€Å"A grievance is a complaint of one or more workers in respectRead MoreWal Mart s Organizational Behaviors2716 Words   |  11 Pagesefforts to make its customers life simpler by providing reliable grocery and e-commerce services. These commitments placed Wal-Mart at the heart of focusing its values proposition on delivering excellence customer experience through service delivery. Right from its establishment in 1962 by Mr. Sam Walton, high-quality service delivery has been always at the core of the organization’s proposition. According to the recent financial reports (2014), the current operating manager reported that Wal-Mart is

Compare the Different Views of War in the Poems ‘Dulce Et...

In this essay I will be comparing the two poems, ‘The Man He Killed’ by Thomas Hardy and ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’ by Wilfred Owen. ‘The Man He Killed’ is about a man who was in the war and is thinking about his memories in the war. The main part of his experience in the war that he is reminiscing is the killing that he committed and the majority of the poem is focused on that. Thomas Hardy did not go to war himself but it could be thought that he got the idea from a friends experience in the war. The poem is based on the Boer War. The message of the poem is that he was most probably very similar to the man he killed, as in not really knowing what they’re fighting for and why they’re there. ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’ is about someone who is†¦show more content†¦These two poems are both still popular in the twenty-first century, which may be because of the fact they are not aimed at a single war, the can both be relat ed to any war that has gone on or that is currently going on in the twenty-first century. Some of the themes from the poems are similar, such as the obvious war and death, but the main theme and message is different. ‘Dulce Et Decorum Est’ focuses more at patriotism and how war actually affects soldiers. ‘The Man He Killed’ looks past politics and the rules that we should hate our enemies, and shows them from a human perspective. Thomas Hardy’s poem which suggests that even though they’re fighting for the opposing country, they are still the same in some sense, can be backed up by the example of when in 1914 the English and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together. Hardy’s poem is a statement that people who actually fight in wars should not be fighting. As, in fact, if they were to meet in different circumstances they would have been friends. This is shown in the poem when it says ‘you’d shoot a fellow down... if you met where any bar is, you’d help to half a crown.’ This qu ote is saying how strange it is that you would kill a man, who in any other circumstances, you would probably get along with. The tone of ‘The Man He Killed’ is of guilt, confusion and regret. He is disappointed and angry at himself for what he had done. On the other hand the tone of ‘Dulce

Farenheit 451 Reflection Free Essays

Reflection #1 Cipriano Echavarria Farenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Pg. 72 â€Å"You can’t build a house without nails and wood. If you don’t want a house built, hide the nails and wood. We will write a custom essay sample on Farenheit 451 Reflection or any similar topic only for you Order Now If you don’t want a man unhappy politically, don’t give him two sides to a question to worry him; give him one. Better yet, give him none. Let him forget there is such a thing as war†. (72) Censorship has stroked the world for many decades; fearful governments have been hiding information or modifying it to its citizens. Why? Why are governments afraid of the knowledge of their people? Knowledge is power, and throughout history we’ve seen how man is always in search for more knowledge, curious on finding explanations to unanswered questions and on analyzing both sides to a question. Knowledge of people has caused many problems to world governments, many revolutions and wars have started due to the fact that citizens have encountered a new form of thinking. Fahrenheit 451 portrays a futuristic society in which the government has censored everything, from books to newspapers and from T. V shows to Radio shows. This society never experiments conflict or disagreement because everybody is taught the same things and therefore think the same way. This has made me think on which is actually the best way to rule a society. Is it the way most countries in the world implement, an uncensored and free-thinking way, were due to the different opinions and thoughts many conflicts are created which lead to death, torture and cruelty. Or is it the way shown in the book, were everybody is thought to think the same way. I arrived to a conclusion and basing myself on the Human Rights Declaration, people should be free on what information they want to know and on how they want to think, but they must be taught to respect differences, and to be tolerant in order to avoid conflict. Reflection #2 Cipriano Echavarria Farenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Pg. 181 I really enjoyed myself and learned a lot while reading this book. I’ve never liked fiction or realistic-fiction books but I’ve got to admit that this book will make me think twice whenever I’ll have to choose between a fiction and a non-fiction book. The author did a really god job on creating a Futuristic place were many things were associated to reality but had different roles. For example, firemen instead of having to extinguish fire had to create fires which burned books. This makes you think about reality and ask yourself questions about how would society be if roles were inverted, if firemen instead of extinguishing fires created them, if policemen instead of providing security against thefts and murders would attack you, if drugs were legal etc. The book not only provided an interesting perspective on how would a society be if everyone thought the same way but it also gave many lectures about love and friendship. It showed how Montag (main character) didn’t love his wife and that even though he pretended and tried to be happy with her and tried to love her wasn’t able to do it. This made me think about the importance of love, and of never trying to trick your feelings on trying to make them love a person who you really don’t, it also made me think (as harsh as it could sound) if I really loved my girlfriend or if she was just a person who physically and mentally attracted me. Finally the author did a great job in writing many quotes that relates to everyday situations, one of the quotes that I most liked and related to was: â€Å"We cannot tell the precise moment when friendship is formed. As in filling a vessel drop by drop, there is at last a drop which makes it run over; so in a series of kindnesses there is at least one which makes the heart run over. † The author used this quote to explain Montags feelings towards a girl named Clarisse, which after a short time being friends Montag started to love. This quote extremely relates to a situation I experienced in the past, my best friend and I let our hearts â€Å"run over† and after many years of being friends we fell in love. Fahrenheit has been probably the book from which I’ve most learned about and the one with I could relate the most; it’s my new favorite book. It’s curious how things in life just arrive in the perfect moment. A week ago I was in the UN model of Barranquilla discussing Extrajudicial Executions and censorship done by the government; coincidentally Fahrenheit 451 is based on different types of Extrajudicial Executions and censorship done by the government. How to cite Farenheit 451 Reflection, Essay examples

Research Questions in Obstructive Pulmonary †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Research Questions in Obstructive Pulmonary. Answer: Introduction: According to (Guirguis et al 2016), the Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is mainly attributed to the limitation of the air flowing within the respiratory organs and its partially irreversible. The primary cause of the disease in the developed states is tobacco smoking and inhalation of outdoor and indoor contaminated airways. The other source is inhalation of occupational contaminated dust, respiratory infections and chronic bronchitis. The spirometry test is done to determine the FEV1/FVC. FEV1/FVC I do have a feeling that the chronic obstructive disease could be controlled in the best way if identified earlier. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in its late phase shows enfeeble effects on the morbidity and mortality. Many of the patients at this stage need oxygen treatment of the disease, regular hospitalization and support. The disease is the leading to high mortality rate globally. About 80-90 % of people who die of chronic obstructive disease are characterized by smoking. Approximately, 50% of old people who smoke develop the infection. The rest who don't smoke acquire the infection from the occupational contaminated dust or exposure to noxious genetic malfunction from the contaminated air inhalation like alpha-1 (Martinez,2016). The observation has made so far, the high rate of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prescription budget might increase. Kruis et al ( 2015) states that most people affected with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are the old people. These patients most of the time will have short breath complaints, decreased confidence in their movement ability and increased anxiety. Thus, nurses need a vast knowledge in order to know how they can best treat the patients. Nurses should talk with the patients about their deteriorating ability to move and provide the best help that can improve their movement. At the final phase, the patient may turn down some advice like talking to the counsellor. Therefore, a decision should be made for anti-depressants therapy. Nurses are obliged in offering a recommendation that analyses and help in the disease management. The analysis should incorporate daily routines of the patient. The routines include, dressing, bathing, transferring and feeding. For instance, patients with disability, modification of their environment to decrease dyspnea. For example, the environmental mo dification can be achieved by introduction of chair glides on the stairs to ease their movements. Then nurses must avoid isolating the infected person with the society. The issue can be addressed by identifying social interaction resources. Best practices for chronic obstructive disease (COPD). Best practice Citation in CDU APA 6th Format Discuss with the patient on the anxiety of COPD at the final phase. (Celli et al 2015) Inputting therapy in the care of the patient like anti-depressants (Martinez et al 2015) Encourage the independence of the patient especially when he or she regains the strength. (McCarthy et al 2015) Encourage the continuous medication of the patient despite the side effects. (Pascoe et al 2015) Ensuring the patient is taking in the balanced diet (Soriano,2017). Monitor the output and input across 24hours in order to have the knowledge of any upcoming condition. (Miravitlles et al 2015) References Kruis, A. L., Boland, M. R., Assendelft, W. J., Gussekloo, J., Tsiachristas, A., Stijnen, T., ... Chavannes, N. H. (2014). Effectiveness of integrated disease management for primary care chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: results of cluster randomised trial. bmj, 349, g5392. Celli, B. R., Decramer, M., Wedzicha, J. A., Wilson, K. C., Agust, A., Criner, G. J., ... Vogelmeier, C. (2015). An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: research questions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 191(7), e4-e27. Lange, P., Celli, B., Agust, A., Boje Jensen, G., Divo, M., Faner, R., ... Meek, P. (2015). Lung-function trajectories leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 373(2), 111-122. Martinez, F. J., Calverley, P. M., Goehring, U. M., Brose, M., Fabbri, L. M., Rabe, K. F. (2015). Effect of roflumilast on exacerbations in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease uncontrolled by combination therapy (REACT): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 385(9971), 857-866. McCarthy, B., Casey, D., Devane, D., Murphy, K., Murphy, E., Lacasse, Y. (2015). Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Cochrane Library. Miravitlles, M., Price, D., Rabe, K. F., Schmidt, H., Metzdorf, N., Celli, B. (2015). Comorbidities of patients in tiotropium clinical trials: comparison with observational studies of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10, 549. Pascoe, S., Locantore, N., Dransfield, M. T., Barnes, N. C., Pavord, I. D. (2015). Blood eosinophil counts, exacerbations, and response to the addition of inhaled fluticasone furoate to vilanterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomised controlled trials. The lancet Respiratory medicine, 3(6), 435-442. Guirguis-Blake, J. M., Senger, C. A., Webber, E. M., Mularski, R. A., Whitlock, E. P. (2016). Screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. Jama, 315(13), 1378-1393. Martinez, F. D. (2016). Early-life origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(9), 871-878. Soriano, J. B. (2017). An Epidemiological Overview of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: What Can Real-Life Data Tell Us about Disease Management?. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 14(sup1), S3-S7.

Effect of Environment on Phenotype Essay Example

Effect of Environment on Phenotype Paper To investigate the effect of one environmental factor on the phenotype of pea plants Background Information: Pea seeds are available with identical genetic information for height tall or dwarf peas. These seeds can be used to demonstrate the effect of the environment on the final height of the pea plants. Tall or dwarf peas can be grown in identical conditions where all variables are kept constant apart from one environmental factor. Any differences in the height of the pea plants will be due to the environmental factor and not the genes. Risks Assessment: Potting mixes contain microbes including bacteria/fungi * Inhalation of dust may irritate the nose/throat/lungs * Direct contact may cause skin/eye irritation Safety Procedures: * Avoid contact with eyes or skin * Avoid breathing in dust * Wear protective lab coats/gloves Apparatus: * 2 pot plants * 2 labels * 1 text * watering can * 2 heaps of soil * 6 pea plant seeds * ID ml of water * 2 trays VARIABLES: Independent Variable: Amount of light given to the pea plant Dependent Variable: growth and height of the pea plant Controlled Variable: water, soil, pot size Method: 1. First grab a pair of gloves and put them on 2. Choose any two same size pot plants and place them under the tap 3. Turn on the water so that it is softly flowing begin to mix the compost with the water and make it into a wet soil 4. Grab six seeds off of the teacher to be planted 5. Once done poke your finger into three central positions of the mix and plant the seeds in there( this should be about CM deep) 6. Cover the seeds and label the pot with your name and whether it is the one that goes into the light or the one that goes in the dark 7. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Environment on Phenotype specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Environment on Phenotype specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Environment on Phenotype specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Go and place the light one in the outside tray and the dark one in the cupboard tray 8. Water everyday malls approximately however on weekends make sure they are moist enough to last that period 9. Record your results every day and make an average for each type of plant.

Moral views of Natty Bumpo from the essays

Moral views of Natty Bumpo from the essays Natty Bumpo is the main character of James Fenimore Coopers Leatherstocking Tales. His moral views are based upon his religious devotion to absolute, not relative, truth, the truth that is in accord with the laws of nature. Hence his acceptance of cultural pluralities and his tolerant understanding of different moral views. Since Natty Bumpo is conceived as a mythical figure, he is given a very vague origin. He hardly remembers his early childhood and white family. In the Deerslayer Cooper informs the reader only that Natty was raised by some missionaries among the friendly Indian tribe, the Delawares. Natty is proud of his white origin and though he has grown up among the Indians and has formed a deep and a life-long friendship with the young Delaware chief Chingachgook, he never becomes indianized. Though he has never accepted formal religion, he remains a Christian and his last wish is that something from the Holy Book be written on his tombstone. Natty Bumpo is illiterate and knows rather little about the world beyond the wilderness. In the wilderness, however, he has no rival. His eye is sharp, his hand quick, his shot precise. He knows the laws of the forest. From nature he has learned prudence, foresight, responsibility, respect, humility and simplicity. The forest is both the source of his existence and his great love. He objects to any kind of purposeless destruction of nature. Natty Bumpos greatest gift is the reverence for life, though he is a hunter and a fighter, and can never be seen without his rifle, Kildeer. His extraordinary skill with the rifle limits his killing to utmost necessity. He considers human life to be much more valuable than any property. He fires only when his life is absolutely endangered. Natty is endowed the greatest gift God has given man, the faculty to distinguish good from evil. He is surrounded by Indians, both good and evil, as well by the white fro...

Evaluate the foreign exchange exposure aspects of the French retail Essay

Evaluate the foreign exchange exposure aspects of the French retail investment project on behalf of Archer's Organic Foods plc - Essay Example .................................4 4.0 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......†¦.................................9 5.0 Recommendations............................................................................................9 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 Appendices †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....†¦.10 Abstract Without a doubt, the issue of foreign exchange exposures through loss of economic value leads to high losses in firms’ value as the management seeks to maximize the profitability, net cash flow and marke t value of the firm. More significantly, foreign exchange rates get exposures to translation, transaction, and economic exposures depending on the market prevalent exchange rates in the foreign exchange market. With the existence of increased exchange exposure risks among companies that operate globally, different current and uprising fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates influence its growth (Allayannis and Ofek, 2001). As a result, most companies’ analysts undertake a thorough analysis of the foreign exchange markets, which reflects the increased significance of monitoring the effects of the fluctuating exchange rate as it affects individual firms’ profitability levels. ... ds plc management is interested in undertaking investment decisions that will increase its profitability levels, thus avoiding any losses that might arise from its expansion to France due to increased risks of foreign exchange exposures. Considering the market sensitivity to exchange rate exposures, it is radical to undertake a decision based on foreign exchange exposures that are more likely to occur in terms of a regression of asset value on the exchange rate. As a company considering undertaking investment projects that will increase their profitability levels, the management of Archer’s Organic Foods plc should consider the increased possibility of accounting, operation and strategic exposures that could arise from increased foreign exchange rate fluctuations. More significantly, the possibility of increased volatility of the financial markets as Archer’s Organic Foods plc seeks to undertake increased expansion growth allows for unexpected movements in exchange rate s and interest rates within the different foreign markets (Elliott, Huffman and Makar, 2003). More importantly, the increased free movements of cash flows and profits generated from trading with France increases the likelihood of foreign exchange exposures. With the growing global competition,  the increased likelihood of foreign exchange exposures through increased unanticipated movements with the foreign currency trading can cause very large gains or losses if the risks remain largely uncontrolled. As a result, the company’s management should seek to undertake increased measures through increased use of foreign currency derivatives and other hedging instruments that are more likely to mitigate the risk of foreign exchange losses affecting the firm’s asset value. Foreign Exchange Rate Exposures